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Bentuk dan Penggunaan Modal Auxiliaries


Modals adalah auxiliary verbs (kata kerja bantu). Secara umum modal auxiliaries digunakan untuk mengekspresikan  sikap atau suasana hati si pembicara. Contohnya, modal auxiliaries dapat mengekspresikan bahwa si pembicara merasakan bahwa sesuatu tersebut merupakan necessary (kebutuhan), advisable (baik untuk dilakukan), permissible (diizinkan/ diperbolehkan), atau possible (mungkin untuk dilakukan).





Bentuk Modal Auxiliaries
Keterangan
Can
Could
Will
Would
May
Might
Must
Should
Shall
Ought to
Modals harus diikuti dengan kata kerja bentuk pertama (VERB 1). Tidak perlu menambahkan akhiran -s/-es walaupun Subject nya: He, She, It

Contoh:
He can fix this
She can fix this.

Pengecualian untuk modals: ought to, memang diikuti dengan infinitive “to” kemudian diikuti dengan kata kerja bentuk pertama (VERB 1).
Contoh: She ought to go to the market.

Similar Expression (Ekspresi Serupa) dari Modal Auxiliaries
Keterangan
Can = be able to do it
Will = be going to do it
Should = be supposed to do it
Should = be to do it
Must = have to do it
Must = have got to do it
Daftar disamping adalah ekspresi serupa yang memiliki makna yang sama dengan pasangan modals-nya masing-masing.

Contoh:
be able to sama dengan can
be going to sama dengan will

infinitive (to + VERB 1) digunakan pada penggunaan Ekspresi serupa dari modal auxiliaries ini.

Fungsi dan Contoh Modal Auxiliaries

Modal Auxiliaries
Fungsi
Can/ Could
(bisa/ dapat)
To ask for permission.
Contoh: Can/ Could I use your cell phone?

To express polite request.
Contoh: Could you get me some water, please?

To express ability to do something.
Contoh: I can speak English.
Will/ Would
(akan)
To express polite request.
Contoh: Will you buy me a candy, please?

To express intention.
Contoh: I will finish my work soon.

To express prediction.
Contoh: It will rain this afternoon.
Would
To express more polite request
Contoh: Would you pass the book, please?

To express probability
Contoh: That would be his brother in front of my house.
May/ Might
(boleh/ mungkin)
To express more formal permission
Contoh: May I meet your wife, sir?

To express prohibition
Contoh: You may not smoke here.

To show possibility
Contoh: She may join the English Club.

To express wish
Contoh: May God bless you all the time.
Must/ Have to
(harus/ pasti)
To talk about necessity
Contoh: I must/ have to buy some foods for breakfast.

To express obligation
Contoh: They must/ have to obey the medical rules.

To express prohibition
Contoh: You must not eat in the office.

To express conclusion
Contoh: Brian got a bad score. He must be a lazy student.
Should (seharusnya)
To express advice or suggestion
Contoh: You should go to the doctor.
Shall
(akan/ sebaiknya)
To express obligation
Contoh: The staff shall give the weather report every day.

CATATAN:
Kita tidak perlu menambahkan do atau don’t ketika menggunakan modals dalam kalimat tanya dan kalimat negatif, contohnya:

You must not talk in the exam.
Should we submit the task now?

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